The application of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC)
2024.01.23
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) is an anionic, linear, water-soluble cellulose ether, a derivative obtained by chemical modification of natural cellulose with chloroacetic acid. Its aqueous solution has functions such as thickening, film-forming, bonding, water retention, colloid protection, emulsification, and suspension. It can be used as a flocculant, chelating agent, emulsifier, thickener, water retaining agent, sizing agent, film-forming material, etc. It is widely used in fields such as food, medicine, electronics, pesticides, leather, plastics, printing, ceramics, and daily chemical industry.
1. Application of CMC in the food industry CMC is not only a good emulsifying stabilizer and thickener in food applications, but also has excellent freezing and melting stability, and can improve the flavor of products and extend storage time. The amount used in soy milk, ice cream, ice cream, jelly, beverages, and canned goods is about 1% to 15%. CMC can also form stable emulsion dispersions with vinegar, soy sauce, vegetable oil, fruit juice, meat juice, vegetable juice, etc., with a dosage of 0.2% to 5%. Especially for animal and vegetable oils, proteins, and aqueous solutions, the emulsifying performance is extremely excellent, which can form a homogeneous emulsion with stable performance. Due to its high safety and reliability, its dosage is not limited by the national food hygiene standard ADI. CMC is constantly being developed in the food industry, and in recent years, research on the application of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium in wine production has also been carried out.
2. The use of CMC in the pharmaceutical industry can serve as an emulsion stabilizer for injections, an adhesive for tablets, and a film-forming agent. Some people have demonstrated through basic and animal experiments that CMC is a safe and reliable carrier of anti-cancer drugs. The modified dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine Yangyin Shengji San, developed using CMC as a membrane material, can be used for skin grinding surgery wounds and traumatic wounds. Animal model studies have shown that this membrane prevents wound infection and has no significant difference from gauze dressings. In controlling tissue fluid leakage and rapid wound healing, this membrane is significantly superior to gauze dressings and has a reducing effect on postoperative edema and wound irritation. A membrane formulation made of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and polycarboxylate in a ratio of 3:6:1 is used as a prescription. The adhesion and release rate are both increased, which significantly improves the adhesion of the mucosal adhesive sustained-release membrane, prolongs the retention time of the formulation in the oral cavity, and enhances the efficacy of the drug in the formulation. Dipivacaine is a potent local anesthetic, but sometimes it can cause serious cardiovascular side effects when poisoned. Therefore, while Dipivacaine is widely used in clinical practice, research on the prevention and treatment of its toxic reactions has always been highly valued. Pharmaceutical research has shown that CMC, as a sustained-release substance, can significantly reduce the side effects of drugs when formulated with bupivacaine solution. In PRK surgery, the combination of low concentration dicaine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with CMC can significantly alleviate postoperative pain. Preventing postoperative peritoneal adhesions and reducing the occurrence of intestinal obstruction is one of the most concerning issues in clinical surgery. Studies have shown that CMC has a significantly better effect on reducing postoperative peritoneal adhesion than sodium hyaluronate, and can serve as an effective method to prevent the occurrence of peritoneal adhesion. CMC can significantly prolong the retention time of anticancer drugs in the tumor, enhance their anti-tumor ability, and improve the treatment effect in the treatment of liver cancer through catheter hepatic artery infusion of anticancer drugs (THAI). CMC also has a wide range of applications in animal medicine. There are reports indicating that intravenous infusion of 1% CMC solution into the abdominal cavity of ewes has a significant effect on preventing difficult childbirth in livestock and abdominal adhesions after reproductive tract surgery.
3. The application of CMC in other industries. In detergents, CMC can be used as an anti fouling redeposition agent, especially for hydrophobic synthetic fiber fabrics, which have a significantly better anti fouling redeposition effect than carboxymethyl fibers. CMC can be used as a mud stabilizer and water retaining agent to protect oil wells in oil drilling. The dosage for each oil well is 2-3 tons for shallow wells and 5-6 tons for deep wells. In the textile industry, it is used as a sizing agent, thickener for printing and dyeing pulp, and for textile printing and stiff finishing. Used as a sizing agent, it can improve solubility and viscosity, and is easy to desize; As a stiff finishing agent, its dosage is over 95%; Used as a sizing agent, the strength and bendability of the film are significantly improved. The glucose biosensor made by immobilizing glucose oxidase and ferrocene carboxylate (or 7,7,8,8-tetracyanodimethylbenzoquinone, TCNQ) on a composite membrane composed of regenerated silk fibroin and carboxymethyl cellulose has high sensitivity and stability. Research has shown that when using CMC solution with a concentration of about 1.0% (W/V) to prepare silica gel homogenate, the chromatographic performance of the prepared thin layer plate is improved. At the same time, this thin layer plate coated under optimized conditions has appropriate layer strength and is suitable for various sampling techniques, making it easy to operate.
CMC has adhesion to most fibers, which can improve the bonding between fibers. The stability of its viscosity ensures the uniformity of sizing, thereby improving the efficiency of weaving. It can also be used as a finishing agent for textiles, especially for permanent anti wrinkle finishing, bringing durability changes to fabrics. CMC can be used as an anti settling agent, emulsifier, dispersant, leveling agent, and adhesive for coatings. It can evenly distribute the solid content of coatings in solvents, ensuring long-term non layering of coatings. It is also widely used in putty. CMC is more effective as a flocculant in removing calcium ions than sodium gluconate. When used as a cation exchange agent, its exchange capacity can reach 1.6ml/g [20]. CMC is used as a paper sizing agent in the papermaking industry, which can significantly improve the dry and wet strength, oil resistance, ink absorption, and water resistance of paper. As a water sol in cosmetics and a thickener in toothpaste, the dosage is around 5%
